The formula
Audio cost of a call = caller tokens × input price + agent tokens × output price + re-sent tokens × re-sent price, where re-sent tokens = (caller tokens per turn + agent tokens per turn) × turns × (turns - 1) ÷ 2- Turns: minutes of the call times the agent's replies per minute, rounded, at least one.
- Caller tokens per turn: call seconds × the caller's share of the call × tokens per second of user audio (from OpenAI's stated rate), divided by turns.
- Agent tokens per turn: the same with the agent's share and the rate for assistant audio.
- Re-sent price: the input price, with the share you expect to be cached priced at the cached input rate.
What OpenAI publishes for a realtime call
For gpt-realtime-2.1, the model the calculator opens on, OpenAI's audio prices are $32.00 per 1M audio input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1), $0.40 per 1M audio cached input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1) and $64.00 per 1M audio output tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1). The cost guide counts speech at 10 tokens per second of caller audio (1 per 100 ms) and 20 tokens per second of agent audio (1 per 50 ms). The mini model costs $10.00 per 1M audio input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1-mini) and $20.00 per 1M audio output tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1-mini). Data residency costs more: $35.20 per 1M audio input tokens, data residency (gpt-realtime-2.1).
The OpenAI pages this site read give no cost per minute for these models. The cost guide says instead: Realtime token costs are hard to estimate ahead; OpenAI suggests measuring a sample session. Part of what makes it hard is a rule on the same page: The whole conversation is sent as input on every Response, so later turns cost more (Realtime API). Two of the older models still on the price list, at $32.00 per 1M audio input tokens (gpt-realtime) and $10.00 per 1M audio input tokens (gpt-realtime-mini), are listed as deprecated on OpenAI's deprecations page, with a shutdown date of Jan 20, 2027.
Why each turn costs more than the one before
OpenAI's cost guide describes a session as a series of turns, each triggering a Response: Charged per Response on input and output tokens; no charge for bandwidth or connections (Realtime API). The input is everything said so far. On the second turn the model hears the first exchange again, both sides of it, before the caller's new words; on the twentieth it hears nineteen earlier exchanges again.
As a call goes on at the same pace, the re-sent audio grows with the square of the number of turns: twice the length means twice the turns and close to four times the re-sent tokens. Per minute, that part of the bill roughly doubles when the call doubles in length. The caller's speech heard once and the agent's speech cost the same per minute at any length. The square holds only until the conversation outgrows the model's input limit: When a conversation exceeds the model's input limit, the oldest messages are dropped from the input (Realtime API).
Caching softens this. Re-sent audio that matches an earlier Response can be billed at the cached rate: Prompt caching is applied automatically to repeated input in multi-turn sessions, best-effort and not guaranteed (Realtime API). Developers can also shrink what is re-sent. Clients can set a smaller token window than the model maximum to control token use and cost (Realtime API). That works against caching: Truncation breaks the cache near the start of the conversation; truncating every turn keeps the cache rate low (Realtime API). The bill can be capped for the month: A hard spend limit makes affected API requests return a 429 error at the configured monthly amount.
How the calculator works it out, and what it leaves out
The prices, the token rates and the re-sending rule in the calculator are OpenAI's. Two simplifications are this site's own: each agent reply is one turn and one Response, and the call's speech is split evenly between the turns. Every other setting is your assumption, including the share of re-sent audio billed at the cached rate, which starts at 0%, the worst case. The bill comes out in the three items worked through below, followed by the same sum for a 1-minute call. The calculator counts no tokens for silence; OpenAI states this for the caller's side only: With voice activity detection on, empty audio is not counted as input tokens unless the client adds it (Realtime API).
It counts audio only. Text tokens for instructions and tools are billed on top, at $4.00 per 1M text input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1). Input transcription, if enabled, is billed separately on its own model rate (Realtime API). For the phone line OpenAI points to a carrier: To connect a phone number, use a SIP trunking provider such as Twilio (Realtime API). The OpenAI pages this site read list no SIP charge of OpenAI's own (not publicly listed). The calculator also assumes the conversation window never fills, so on a call long enough to be truncated its re-sent item is too high.
A worked example, at the calculator's starting settings: gpt-realtime-2.1, a 5-minute call, 4 replies a minute, the caller speaking 40% of the time and the agent 40%, nothing cached. That makes 20 turns over 300 seconds. Caller tokens per turn: 300 seconds × 40% × 10 tokens per second of caller audio (1 per 100 ms), divided by 20 turns, is 60. Agent tokens per turn: 300 seconds × 40% × 20 tokens per second of agent audio (1 per 50 ms), divided by 20 turns, is 120.
The agent's speech is 20 × 120 = 2,400 tokens at $64.00 per 1M audio output tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1): $0.1536. The caller's speech heard once is 20 × 60 = 1,200 tokens at $32.00 per 1M audio input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1): $0.0384. The re-sent conversation is (60 + 120) × 20 × 19 ÷ 2 = 34,200 tokens at the same input price: $1.0944. The call's audio comes to $1.2864, or $0.257 a minute; the calculator rounds the three items to $0.154, $0.0384 and $1.09 and the total to $1.29. The same settings give $0.073 a minute on a 1-minute call (4 turns, 1,080 re-sent tokens) and $0.488 a minute on a 10-minute call, $4.88 in all.
If, for example, 80% of the re-sent audio on the 5-minute call were billed at $0.40 per 1M audio cached input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1) and the rest at the input price, the re-sent item would fall to $0.23 and the call to $0.422, or $0.0844 a minute.
Where realtime voice is sold by the minute
OpenAI sells voice sessions by the minute with GPT-Live-1, through a separate Live API: $0.05 per minute, billed per second (gpt-live-1); backend model and tools billed separately. Its minute is the session clock: GPT-Live billed time includes silence and time the backend is working. The number of calls at once is capped (gpt-live-1 concurrent sessions by usage tier: Free not supported, Build 50, Launch 300, Grow 500).
Retell prices OpenAI's realtime models by the minute: $0.38 per minute, GPT Realtime 2.1; $0.07 per minute, GPT Realtime 2.1 mini; $0.05 per minute, GPT-Live 1, plus the backend model rate. The pages this site read do not say whether Retell adds its $0.055 per minute (Retell Voice Infra) to a speech-to-speech call: the pricing page lists that fee on its Default tab, its Speech-to-Speech tab has no such line, and Retell's billing guide does not say. Either way, Retell's flat per-minute rates do not line up exactly with the calculator's audio-only figure, which changes with the length of the call.
Ultravox charges $0.05 per minute after 30 free minutes for calls on its own speech model (Speech understanding and generation included). ElevenLabs bills its Eleven Realtime models both ways at once (Realtime model: call minute plus tokens): the agent's call minute ($0.08 per minute, pay as you go) plus tokens at the Realtime model's rates, such as Eleven Realtime v1 Max: $1.80 per million input tokens.
Often confused with
- AI voice agent cost per minute. Adds five per-minute parts for platforms that bill by the minute; a speech-to-speech model replaces three of them with one token bill.
- GPT-Live-1. OpenAI's voice sessions on the Live API, billed by session time (GPT-Live sessions are billed per second, with no rounding up to a whole minute) where the realtime models bill tokens.
- Text tokens. Instructions and tool definitions, priced apart from audio at $4.00 per 1M text input tokens (gpt-realtime-2.1) and left out of the calculator.
- Input transcription. A written transcript of the caller's speech, made by a separate model. Input transcription, if enabled, is billed separately on its own model rate (Realtime API).
Vendors cited on this page
ElevenLabs Agents (ElevenAgents), OpenAI, Retell AI, Ultravox. Each profile lists everything that vendor publishes, with its sources. All of them are side by side in the comparison.
Sources
- OpenAI, Cost optimization guide, Realtime API tab: a session as a series of turns, each triggering a Response, and how audio is counted in tokens read 14 Nov 2026
- OpenAI, API pricing, Realtime & Audio table read 14 Nov 2026
- OpenAI, Deprecations, Upcoming deprecations table: gpt-realtime and gpt-realtime-mini listed as Deprecated, shutdown date Jan 20, 2027 read 14 Nov 2026
Checked against its sources on 14 Nov 2026. Vendor figures on this page open their source when clicked. Lexicost has no commercial relationship with any vendor named on this site.